I'm pleased to share that my latest article, "A Review: The Potential Impact of Large-Scale Solar Farms (LSSFs) on the Water Cycle," has been published in the Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Engineering and Architecture. You can read it here:
My research for this paper was inspired by my travels from Al-Baha to Jeddah along the coastal road. During this journey, I encountered the Shuaibah PV IPP Construction Project (Project Link:
The central questions driving this paper are multifaceted and address the potential environmental consequences of LSSFs in arid climates. Firstly, I sought to understand how these large-scale solar farms impact the immediate, local water cycle. Arid regions are characterized by scarce water resources, making any alteration to the water cycle a significant concern. The presence of a large solar farm, with its associated infrastructure and land use changes, could potentially affect evapotranspiration rates, groundwater recharge, and surface runoff. Investigating these localized impacts is crucial for assessing the sustainability of such projects.
Secondly, my research explores the possibility that LSSFs might influence humidity levels over the Red Sea. The Red Sea's unique ecosystem is sensitive to changes in temperature and humidity. Given the proximity of many proposed and existing solar farms to the Red Sea coast, it is important to consider whether these installations could measurably alter the moisture content of the air passing over the sea. Such changes could have far-reaching consequences for marine life, weather patterns, and even regional climate.
Thirdly, and perhaps most significantly, this paper examines the potential for these environmental changes to extend to the holy city of Makkah. Makkah's significance transcends its regional importance, and any environmental alterations in its vicinity warrant careful scrutiny. My research investigates whether the potential impacts of LSSFs on the water cycle and humidity levels could extend inland as far as Makkah. Furthermore, the study delves into the nature of these potential effects, asking whether they are likely to be positive or negative. Understanding the direction and magnitude of these impacts is essential for informed decision-making regarding the development and deployment of large-scale solar energy projects in the region.
This paper delves into these complex questions, offering insights into the broader environmental implications of large-scale solar energy projects in arid regions. It explores the scientific literature on the interactions between solar farms and the environment, focusing specifically on the water cycle, humidity, and potential regional climate impacts. The research considers various factors, including the albedo of solar panels, the alteration of land surface characteristics, and the potential for microclimate formation around these large installations. By synthesizing existing knowledge and highlighting areas where further research is needed, this review aims to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the environmental trade-offs associated with large-scale solar energy development in arid and semi-arid regions. The findings presented in this paper are intended to inform policy discussions, guide future research directions, and promote sustainable energy development practices that minimize potential environmental risks. Ultimately, this research underscores the importance of a holistic approach to assessing the impacts of renewable energy technologies, ensuring that the pursuit of clean energy does not inadvertently lead to unforeseen environmental consequences. The specific case of the Shuaibah PV IPP Construction Project serves as a valuable case study to illustrate the broader challenges and opportunities associated with large-scale solar farm development in arid regions and highlights the need for continued research and monitoring to ensure the long-term sustainability of these projects.