The study applies five efficiency ratios—energy, water, material, carbon intensity, and social return on investment—to two case studies, Vincent Callebaut's eco-resort and JW Associates' bamboo office, revealing how sustainable materials and biophilic design enhance longevity and flexibility.
"Guide for longevity and flexibility in interior architecture"
This research develops a novel efficiency-ratio framework for sustainable interior design, analyzing energy, water, material, carbon, and social impact factors through case studies of Vincent Callebaut's eco-resort and JW Associates' bamboo office to guide longevity and flexibility.