Using the clustering method to find the final environmental parameters coefficients in road construction projects
Increasing road development, especially arterial roads, has heightened focus on environmental issues. Despite the availability of diverse methods to determine convenient criteria for their assessment, it is difficult to prioritize projects with the least harmful effects on the environment.
Recent Comments
(1) Te proposed controllers perform far better than the
LQG controller in reducing the evaluation criteria,
including the structural responses, the building
damage, and the control parameters.
(2) Te diference in improvement between the AFOPID
controller equipped with a compensator and the
LQG controller for the maximum values of J1 − J6 is
62.1%, 53.7%, 43.1%, 65.2%, 52.4%, and 40.8%,
respectively.
(3) Considering the values of J7 criterion obtained based
on the mentioned controllers, the AFOPID controller equipped with a compensator achieves the
maximum ductility reduction of 65.3% compared to
the LQG controller.
(4) Regarding the far-feld earthquakes with 1.5 times
the intensity, like El Centro earthquakes, the proposed controller reduces the J14 criterion to
0.021 × 10−3, while this parameter is 0.161 × 10−3 for
the LQG controller.
(5) Regarding the near-feld earthquake with 1 times the
intensity, like Northridge, the J12 criterion has decreased to 0.0362, with about 8.8% and 64.8% better
than the other controllers, namely, for the AFOPID
controller without a compensator and LQG
controllers.
(6) Te obtained results represent the remarkable performance of an adaptive fractional-order PID controller equipped with a compensator in controlling
the evaluation criteria of the 20-story benchmark
building compared to its counterpart without
a compensator and the LQG control method.