GINGERINO, the ring laser gyroscope installed at INFN Gran Sasso, together with IV.GIGS, a broadband seismometer, forms a four-component seismic station capable of probing both rotational and translational ground motion.
Thanks to the continuous observations provided by GINGERINO, we identified a persistent disturbance in the rotational signal from May 10 until the major August 14 event, in remarkable temporal agreement with the groundwater level and pressure anomalies that started in May.
A clear physical connection was shown between the hydrogeological changes and the final acoustic bang.
This study highlights the power of combining high-sensitivity rotational sensing with multi-parameter geophysical observations to investigate complex underground dynamics, slow local processes, and their long-term evolution.