Malnutrition is the condition that develops when the essential nutrients needed for maintaining proper tissue and organ function are deprived, including undernutrition and overnutrition. Undernutrition occurs in people who do not have enough essential nutrients or who excrete more rapidly than they should. In contrast, overnutrition occurs in people who eat too much or have imbalanced nutrients without enough exercise. Women and girls are particularly vulnerable to the consequences of poor dietary practices and nutritional deficiencies, which can impact reproductive health, pregnancy outcomes, and overall quality of life. The interplay between malnutrition and female health is complex, influenced by socio-economic factors, cultural beliefs, and access to health services. This Collection seeks to explore these intricate relationships, shedding light on how malnutrition affects women at different life stages and in various contexts.

Addressing malnutrition among women is critical for improving health outcomes and promoting gender equality. Recent advances in research have highlighted the need for gender-sensitive approaches to nutrition that take into account the unique biological and social factors affecting women. Interventions aimed at improving dietary habits during pregnancy, lactation, and adolescence have shown promise in enhancing health outcomes for both mothers and children. By continuing to investigate these areas, we can develop targeted strategies that empower women and promote their health and well-being, advance our understanding of nutritional needs, tailor dietary guidelines and community-based programs, therefore addressing the nutritional challenges faced by women and girls.

The topics of this Collection include, but are not limited to the following:

• Impact of malnutrition on reproductive health

• Nutritional needs across the life stages of girls and women

• Dietary patterns and health outcomes for women and girls

• Community-based interventions for women's nutrition

• Nutrients requirements for women under disease conditions

This Collection supports and amplifies research related to SDG 2: Zero Hunger and SDG 3: Good Health and Well-Being

All manuscripts submitted to this journal, including those submitted to collections and special issues, are assessed in line with our editorial policies and the journal’s peer review process. Reviewers and editors are required to declare competing interests and can be excluded from the peer review process if a competing interest exists.

The aging process in women is a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors that significantly impact their overall health and well-being. As women age, they may experience a higher incidence of various age-related diseases, including dementia, breast cancer, and metabolic disorders, or be affected differently by stroke and heart attack, which can profoundly affect their quality of life. The exploration of these issues is crucial for understanding the gender-specific disorders, as the unique experiences and health challenges faced by aging women differ from those of their male counterparts.

Understanding the unique aspects of aging and aging-related diseases in women is vital for developing effective gender-specified healthcare strategies and interventions. Advances in research have identified critical risk factors and preventive measures specific to women, particularly in relation to cardiovascular health and metabolic diseases. Furthermore, ongoing studies are illuminating the role of lifestyle choices and interventions in promoting healthy aging, leading to more personalized approaches to women's health. By enhancing our knowledge of these areas, we can significantly improve health outcomes and the overall quality of life for aging women. Further research holds the promise of unlocking innovative strategies to develop precise treatment for aging related disease, provide optimal gender-specific health care, improve the health status, and the overall quality of life of elder women.

This Collection aims to gather research that sheds light on the intricacies of aging in women, encompassing a wide range of health conditions, their implications, and potential interventions. The topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Cardiovascular disease in aging women
• Metabolic disorders and women's health
• Anti-aging interventions and their efficacy
• Psychological aspects of aging in women

This Collection supports and amplifies research related to SDG 3: Good Health & Well-being, and SDG 5: Gender Equality.

All manuscripts submitted to this journal, including those submitted to collections and special issues, are assessed in line with our editorial policies and the journal’s peer review process. Reviewers and editors are required to declare competing interests and can be excluded from the peer review process if a competing interest exists.