The Laennec capsule is an intrinsic fibrous layer enveloping the entire liver parenchyma, extending both intrahepatically and extrahepatically. It forms distinct anatomical spaces with the Glissonean sheath, hepatic veins, and inferior vena cava, serving as a critical landmark for precise surgical dissection.

The Laennec approach utilizes these spaces to guide key steps in anatomical hepatectomy, including Glissonean pedicle isolation, hepatic vein exposure, liver mobilization, and retrohepatic inferior vena cava dissection. By dissecting along these natural planes, surgeons can achieve regional vascular control, reduce intraoperative blood loss, minimize injury to non-target liver parenchyma, and shorten operative time.

This approach has been successfully applied in complex procedures such as difficult cholecystectomy, radical resection for gallbladder cancer, surgery for Mirizzi syndrome, and anatomical hepatectomy for hepatolithiasis. Compared with conventional techniques, the Laennec approach demonstrates improved surgical safety, lower complication rates, and faster postoperative recovery.

Supported by histological evidence and multicenter clinical studies, the Laennec approach offers a standardized, reproducible surgical strategy. Future directions include optimizing technical protocols, integrating artificial intelligence for precision navigation, and promoting global adoption through education and training.