The Clinical Practice topical collection aims to provide clinicians with the latest clinically relevant insights on a range of topics that would result in the enhancement of their knowledge and improvement of patient care. The topics may vary from clinical immunology and rheumatology to hematology, oncology and internal medicine in more general terms. The collection is open to submissions from experienced authors.

Inflammatory diseases comprise a diverse group of immune-mediated conditions characterized by complex immune dysregulation, tissue-specific microenvironmental changes, and heterogeneous therapeutic responses. Despite significant progress in immunomodulatory treatments, clinical management remains limited by the lack of reliable and clinically actionable biomarkers to support early diagnosis, patient stratification, treatment selection, and disease monitoring.

Recent advances in immune profiling technologies have greatly improved our understanding of inflammatory disease heterogeneity. Multi-omics approaches, including transcriptomics, single-cell sequencing, spatial biology, and microbiome-associated analyses, are increasingly being used to identify molecular signatures associated with disease progression and therapeutic response. At the same time, artificial intelligence and advanced computational methods are providing new opportunities to integrate complex biological data and improve biomarker discovery.

Certain inflammatory conditions, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, have provided important insights into immune heterogeneity and translational biomarker development. However, similar strategies are increasingly being applied across a broader spectrum of inflammatory disorders, highlighting the importance of cross-disease analytical frameworks and shared molecular mechanisms.

Despite these advances, translating high-dimensional molecular findings into clinically useful tools remains a major challenge. Greater emphasis is needed on reproducibility, external validation, and clinically interpretable models that can facilitate the integration of biomarker research into real-world medical practice.

This collection aims to highlight recent advances in immune profiling technologies and integrative biomarker research that support precision medicine across inflammatory diseases. We particularly encourage studies that combine computational analysis with clinical relevance, including biomarker validation, predictive modeling, and translational multi-omics research.

Sub-topics may include but are not limited to:

• Immune profiling and biomarker discovery in inflammatory diseases
• Next-generation immune profiling using bulk, single-cell, spatial, and repertoire sequencing
• Multi-omics integration for disease stratification and endotype identification
• Clinically relevant biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response
• Artificial intelligence and predictive modeling in inflammatory disease research
• Translational studies linking immune mechanisms with clinical outcomes