Serafino Fazio

Retired Associate Professor, Federico II University, school of Medicine
  • Italy

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Jan 31, 2026

I greatly agree with dr Swami that there is a strong link between type 2 diabetes and Heart failure. However, I think that is insulin resistance with associated hyperinsulinemia  which is the principal cause of type 2 diabetes and precedes  it by many years and is associated with it for many years (at least until the Langerhans cells in the pancreas are exhausted) that is associated with Heart failure by causing Heart damage over the years. When diabetes develops, It finds fertile ground to worsen damage that is al ready largely presente. Therefore, I strongly believe that should be necessary to preventively intervene on insulin resistance and associated hyperinsulinemia.