One of the first surprises was how non linear the research process can be. Progress rarely follows a straight path, and setbacks are not exceptions but part of the routine. Research questions evolve, methods need revision, and initial assumptions are frequently challenged by data.

Another unexpected lesson was the importance of critical reading. Early on, reading papers felt like collecting information. Over time, I realized that true engagement with the literature means questioning methods, interpreting results cautiously, and understanding limitations, not just focusing on conclusions.

I also learned that research is as much about persistence as it is about knowledge. Drafts are revised multiple times, feedback can be demanding, and rejection is a normal part of academic life. While challenging, these experiences ultimately strengthen both the research and the researcher.

For early career researchers, my main takeaway is this. Uncertainty and difficulty are not signs of failure. They are indicators that meaningful learning is taking place.