Capturing Unseen Wisdom: Light-Matter Response Interactions 

Prof. Hendry Izaac Elim

Indonesia physicist, Pattimura university

Observation and measurement without seeing what is actually happned in the studied sample may be the main source of many faked data as well as scientific misconducted works.

Since the invention of a smart  Z scan technique by Sheik-Bahae et. al in 1990, there were over thousands publications in many different high quality journals associated with the Z scan method to detect the nonlinear optical behaviors of higher order optical materials have been successfully published with tight reviews. 

Nonlinear optical materials are actually related to its very sensitive responses to intensity of light. Furthermore, they normally have ultrafast responses  as fast as picosecond (ps) or femtosecond (fs) time scales. Recently, it is even incredible to observe such nonlinearity in many nanotructure materials with attosecond responses investigated  by few advanced laboratories in USA, Switzerland, and Germany. Therefore, such highly impacts materials for current high technology is very crucial to be identified clearly.

There were many efforts with so many creative optical setup have been carried out to improve such unidentified problems. The innovative techniques had been closely cooperate with high resolution CCD camera, atomic force microscope (AFM) , and many other transmission electron or scanning tunneling microscopes. 

Here, we would like to share our experiences to enhance the weakness of Z scan technique discovered by sheik-Bahae et al (1990). According to our setup comparison as shown in the below-depicted picture, our method can be able to see the matter response due to light-matter interaction because of nonlinear behaviors.

It is incredible to see the character of light-matter response interaction in a real time during the measurement of  its nonlinear oprical properties such as nonlinear absorption coefficient. One finally obtained that there is interference-like pattern of the outcome as the sample response is moving a bit far from its peak absorption or photobleaching response in Z= 0 position. 

The outlook of this work is very excellent to make sure that the signal of the nonlinear optical behavior was obviously extracted from its origin and not from any damage structure of the materials as seen in the experimental observation data.

REFERENCES

 1. Sheik-Bahae, A.A. Said, T.H. Wei, D.J. Hagan, and E.W. Van Stryland, IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 26, 760 (1990).

2. L. Sutherland, with contributions by D.G. McLean, and S. Kirkpatrick, Handbook of Nonlinear Optics, Second Edition, Revised and Expanded , New York, NY: Marcel Dekker (2003).

3. H. I. Elim, Exact Solution of the Energy Shift in each Quantum Mechanical Energy Levels in a One Dimensional Symmetrical Linear Harmonic Oscillator, https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/9901009 (1999).

4. H.I. Elim, Large nonlinear absorption in single aggregate of silver nanoparticles observed with z-scan imaging technique, November 2021, AIP Advances 11(11):115015.

DOI: 10.1063/5.0062832