The Collection entitled "AI Advancements in Headache Research: Navigating the Digital Frontier” delves into the intersection of machine learning technologies and migraine research, aiming to elucidate the intricate neurological aspects of migraine disorders. This Collection focuses on how advanced machine learning algorithms and computational techniques, as well as digital twin’s solutions, are being applied to analyze vast clinical, neurophysiological, and neuroimaging datasets, uncover patterns, and discern nuanced relationships within the complex landscape of migraine-related phenomena. Researchers leverage machine learning to sift through diverse factors influencing migraines, such as genetic predispositions, environmental triggers, and individualized symptomatology. The Collection explores the transformative potential of machine learning in deciphering the multifaceted nature of migraines, shedding light on elusive patterns that traditional research methods might overlook. Moreover, the Collection would like to emphasize the role of machine learning models in enhancing diagnostic accuracy, predicting migraine occurrences, and personalizing treatment approaches. By unravelling the neurological intricacies of migraines through innovative computational methods, this thematic Collection aims to underscore the promising advancements that machine learning brings to the forefront of migraine studies, providing a deeper understanding of these disorders and paving the way for more effective interventions. Nevertheless, this Collection is open to discussing the possible ethical implications of a diagnostic-therapeutic approach based solely or partly on artificial intelligence results. The goal is to effectively and ethically improve the diagnostic quality and therapeutic approach to treating primary headaches.

All submissions in this collection undergo the journal’s standard peer review process. Similarly, all manuscripts authored by a Guest Editor(s) will be handled by the Editor-in-Chief. As an open access publication, this journal levies an article processing fee (details here). We recognize that many key stakeholders may not have access to such resources and are committed to supporting participation in this issue wherever resources are a barrier. For more information about what support may be available, please visit OA funding and support, or email OAfundingpolicy@springernature.com or the Editor-in-Chief.

This collection of articles results from the tight collaboration between the European Headache Federation (EHF) and its Official Journal, The Journal of Headache and Pain. The educational aim of EHF, its own School of Advanced Studies (EHF-SAS), provides for nurturing talented young researchers in the headache area. Each Meeting of the EHF-SAS ends its path with the preparation of a review on special topics to be submitted for regular peer-review. EHF provides economical support for the related APCs. In such way we think that the positive loop might be maintained and attract more and more young researchers.

This collection of articles has been sponsored by the EHF. Articles have undergone the journal's standard peer-review process overseen by the Editor-in-Chief.