Migraine is a major cause of disability worldwide, yet research efforts and healthcare strategies remain unevenly distributed across regions. In Africa, diverse populations and healthcare landscapes present unique challenges in the recognition, diagnosis, and management of migraine and other headache disorders. This thematic collection, Focus Africa, aims to enhance understanding of these conditions by exploring epidemiological trends, healthcare disparities, cultural influences, financial constraints, gender-related factors, and the availability of treatment options across the continent.

We invite submissions of original research, systematic and narrative reviews, editorials, rapid reviews, and commentaries on topics including, but not limited to:

• The prevalence, burden, and impact of migraine and other headache disorders across African countries • Socio-economic and cultural determinants of headache disorders in Africa • Insights into the pathophysiology of migraine from an African perspective • Barriers to headache care, healthcare inequalities, and policy solutions • This Collection provides a dedicated platform for African researchers and clinicians to contribute to global headache science while addressing the specific needs of the region. By fostering collaboration and knowledge exchange, Focus Africa aims to drive meaningful advancements in migraine and headache disorders research and care across the continent.

All submissions in this collection undergo the journal’s standard peer review process. Similarly, all manuscripts authored by a Guest Editor(s) will be handled by the Editor-in-Chief. As an open access publication, this journal levies an article processing fee (details here). We recognize that many key stakeholders may not have access to such resources and are committed to supporting participation in this issue wherever resources are a barrier. For more information about what support may be available, please visit OA funding and support, or email OAfundingpolicy@springernature.com or the Editor-in-Chief.

Characterized by profound neuronal and glial depolarization, spreading depolarization (SD) orchestrates a cascade of metabolic and hemodynamic consequences. The relationship between SD and a spectrum of disorders, particularly migraine, unfolds a compelling yet complex narrative. Within the confines of this special collection, we invite researchers, clinicians, and academicians to traverse with us through the multifaceted domain of SD, exploring its mechanisms, relevance, and implications in both primary and secondary neurological disorders, thereby crafting a harmonious comprehension amidst the dissonance of existing theories and findings. The realm of SD sparks compelling debates: Is canonical SD a clinically pertinent model of migraine, or is it a culprit of meningeal nociceptor activation? We invite experts to partake in debates that scrutinize the involvement and clinical relevance of SD, dissecting its role in the orchestration of migraine and illuminating the pathways of pain emanating from meningeal nociceptors. Comprehensive reviews unraveling the mechanisms of neuroinflammation in SD as well as its implications in primary and secondary neurological disorders are highly anticipated. We also welcome original articles traversing the horizons of SD, investigating its mechanistic pathways and clinical implications. Special emphasis on studies that delve into not only the causative facets of SD but also its consequences, therapeutic potentials, and predictive capabilities are particularly encouraged. Through the meticulous construction of this article Collection, we aspire to weave together threads of understanding, questions, and novel insights regarding SD. We anticipate a vibrant confluence of diverse perspectives and robust research, fostering a rich scientific discourse and unraveling the mysteries enshrouding spreading depolarization.