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Plant-like machines: can they help save our planet?

Inspired by the wonderful world of climbing plants, researchers from the Bioinspired Soft Robotics Laboratory of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia created plant-like miniaturized machines for monitoring and preserving natural ecosystems.

Published in Electrical & Electronic Engineering

Go to the profile of Isabella Fiorello
Isabella Fiorello
Postdoc, Bioinspired Soft Robotics Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
Plant-like machines: can they help save our planet?
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Nature
Nature Nature

Plant-like hooked miniature machines for on-leaf sensing and delivery - Communications Materials

Miniaturized systems for in situ plant applications are important to understand and preserve natural ecosystems. Here, the attachment of bioinspired microhooks to the surfaces of plant leaves is investigated, and on-leaf soft machines fabricated for monitoring conditions and for molecular delivery.
In the 19th century, the world's most famous naturalist Charles Darwin said: "The more I study Nature, the more I become impressed with an ever-increasing force that the contrivances and beautiful adaptations slowly acquired through each part…which the most fertile imagination of man could invent.” Some years later, we are looking at the beautiful adaptations of Nature at the laboratories of BSR@IIT sited in Genoa (Italy), led by the biologist Barbara Mazzolai, to create artificial machines for preserving our planet.
One of the most wonderful, albeit insidious, examples of adaptation is maybe given from the hook-climber Galium aparine L., which used a parasitic-like ratchet anchoring mechanism to climb always on the upper leaf sides of the plant hosts. This plant is very common in our gardens and forests, but we were the first that has been looked deeper at its leaf-attachment mechanism to propose bioinspired miniaturized machines capable to adapt to dense vegetation and work on it for in situ plant applications, like sensing and delivery. We created a sustainable solution by applying biology to technology and, in turn, we used this technology to better understand the physiological process of plants and preserve them!
Someday soon, these plant-inspired machines will be scattered everywhere in vineyards or forests and work to provide capillary information on plant needs, improving outcomes while preserving resources and reducing the use of potential pollutants. 
Plant-inspired miniature machines for preserving natural ecosystems
If you like to know more about this work read the full study here and stay tuned for more updates from our laboratories! Plant-inspired robots are coming soon...

This work was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No 824074 (GrowBot Project) and by the National Geographic Society (NGS) under Grant Agreement No EC-62190T-19.

References

1. Bauer, G., Klein, M. C., Gorb, S. N., Speck, T., Voigt, D., & Gallenmüller, F. (2011). Always on the bright side: the climbing mechanism of Galium aparine. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 278(1715), 2233-2239.

2. Mazzolai, B., & Laschi, C. (2020). A vision for future bioinspired and biohybrid robots. Science Robotics, 5(38), eaba6893.

3. Fiorello, I., Tricinci, O., Naselli, G. A., Mondini, A., Filippeschi, C., Tramacere, F., Mishra A., & Mazzolai, B. (2020). Climbing Plant‐Inspired Micropatterned Devices for Reversible Attachment. Advanced Functional Materials, 30(38), 2003380.ù

4. Fiorello, I., Del Dottore, E., Tramacere, F., & Mazzolai, B. (2020). Taking inspiration from climbing plants: methodologies and benchmarks—a review. Bioinspiration & biomimetics, 15(3), 031001.

5. Fiorello, I., Meder, F., Mondini, A., Sinibaldi E., Filippeschi, C., Tricinci O. & Mazzolai, B. (2021)  Plant-like hooked miniature machines for on-leaf sensing and delivery. Commun Mater 2, 103. 

Go to the profile of Isabella Fiorello
Isabella Fiorello
Postdoc, Bioinspired Soft Robotics Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia

Isabella Fiorello is a Postdoctoral Researcher at the Italian Institute of Technology, Bioinspired Soft Robotics Laboratory (BSR@IIT) in Genoa (Italy). Her research aimed at the development of bioinspired smart materials and miniaturized soft robots for harsh environments.

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