Be Prepared: highlights from applied volcanology

This blog post highlights a selection of recent publications from Journal of Applied Volcanology revealing the work of volcanologists around the world advancing research and managing the risks and hazards of livelihoods in proximity to volcanic activity.
Be Prepared: highlights from applied volcanology
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Journal of Applied Volcanology is an international journal with a focus on applied research relating to volcanism and particularly its societal impacts. Characterising volcanic impacts and associated risk relies on not only quantifying physical threat but also understanding social and physical vulnerability and resilience. The broad aim of volcanologists in this domain is to increase public resilience to volcanic risk via research that reduces both human fatalities and volcanic impacts on livelihoods, infrastructure, and the economy.

Community preparedness for volcanic hazards at Mount Rainier, USA

Lahars - violent mudflow caused by excess sediment - pose a significant risk to communities, particularly those living near snow-capped volcanoes. Flows of mud and debris, typically but not necessarily triggered by volcanic activity, can have huge impacts, such as those seen at Nevado Del Ruiz, Colombia, in 1985 which led to the loss of over 23,000 lives and destroyed an entire town. Key findings from this paper include: women have stronger intentions to prepare but see themselves as less prepared than men; those who neither live nor work in a lahar hazard zone were more likely to have an emergency kit and to see themselves as more prepared; those who will need help to evacuate see the risk as lower but feel less prepared; those who think their community and officials are more prepared feel more prepared themselves; and benefits of evacuation drills and testing evacuation routes including stronger intentions to evacuate using an encouraged method and higher self-efficacy. 

Transitions: comparing timescales of eruption and evacuation at Volcán de Fuego (Guatemala) to understand relationships between hazard evolution and responsive action

During volcanic crisis, effective risk mitigation requires that institutions and local people respond promptly to protect lives and livelihoods. This paper asks: over what timescales do explosive paroxysmal eruptions evolve? How do these timescales relate to those of people’s past responses? The paper explores these questions by comparing timescales of eruptions and evacuations for several recent events at Volcán de Fuego (Guatemala) to identify lags in evacuation and determine the drivers of these lags, finding that eruption and response timescales are comparable. However, it also finds that periods of decision-making and warning dissemination delay response until well after eruptive onset.

Volcano disaster risk management during crisis: implementation of risk communication in Indonesia

Volcano disaster risk management during a crisis requires continuous and intensive risk communication with the public. However, to have the desired public response during a crisis, it is necessary to improve the community’s understanding of volcanoes. Knowledge, experience, risk perception, communication, and drills shape good community responses. These require a bottom-up process of communication and involvement of the community in decision-making and engagement with the government. Thus, proper crisis management requires top-down and bottom-up communication and joint work between the scientists, decision-makers, and the community. The response from the community can be improved through community-based preparedness with a culturally sensitive approach that facilitates a strong relationship and participation of community members according to their customs. 

Lava flow impacts on the built environment: insights from a new global dataset

The recent destruction of thousands of homes by lava flows from La Palma volcano, Canary Islands, and Nyiragongo volcano, Democratic Republic of Congo, serves as a reminder of the devastating impact that lava flows can have on communities living in volcanically active regions. Damage to buildings and infrastructure can have widespread and long-lasting effects on rehabilitation and livelihoods. Our understanding of how lava flows interact with buildings is limited and based upon sparse empirical data. Often a binary impact is assumed (destroyed when in contact with the flow and intact when not in contact with the flow), although previous events have shown this to be an oversimplification. 

Following the tug of the audience from complex to simplified hazards maps at Cascade Range volcanoes

Volcano-hazard maps are broadly recognized as important tools for forecasting and managing volcanic crises and for disseminating spatial information to authorities and people at risk. As scientists, we might presume that hazards maps can be developed at the time and with the methods of our discretion, yet the co-production of maps with stakeholder groups, who have programmatic needs of their own, can sway the timing, usability, and acceptance of map products. This paper argues that simplified versions of maps should be developed in tandem with any hazard maps that contain technical complexities, not as a replacement, but as a mechanism to broaden awareness of hazards. When scientists endeavor to design vivid and easy-to-understand maps, people in many professions find uses for them within their organization’s information products, resulting in extensive distribution.

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Volcanology
Physical Sciences > Earth and Environmental Sciences > Earth Sciences > Geodynamics > Volcanology
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Related Collections

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Data Visualisation and Effective Communication in Volcanology: Cross-disciplinary Lessons from Research and Practice

Journal of Applied Volcanology is calling for submissions to our Collection on Data Visualization and Effective Communication in Volcanology: Cross-disciplinary Lessons from Research and Practice.

This collection will highlight effective approaches for visualising and communicating volcanic information: from monitoring data to hazard model outputs, through to risk, impact, vulnerability information, and more.

Effective communication of technical information is critical to enhance the understanding of a volcano’s history, status, or forecast, and is vital for effective risk management. However, it is important not just to consider the aesthetic qualities of visual displays, we must consider how our visualisation and communication choices impact people’s responses to information, including how it may affect their decision performance. The effective display of critical information also impacts trust in the information, and the source of the information, particularly when uncertainty is present. Lessons for effective communication and visualisation can be drawn from numerous fields, including design science, UX, psychology, communication studies, informatics, GIS, data science, etc. Factors that can influence interpretation and use of visualisations include aspects such as volume, colour, graphics, symbology, uncertainty, and integration of local and cultural knowledge. Additionally, with the growth of big data, both AI and deep learning present opportunities and risks in the visualisation and use of complex volcanic information.

In this special collection, we welcome submissions on a range of topics exploring effective information visualisation, considering the full spectrum of approaches to displaying complex science: ranging from effective maps and displays of spatial and three- or four-dimensional information, through to the use of symbology and information products for non-technical users, and beyond. We are interested in papers presenting research studies, case studies, and literature reviews, including evidence for best practice, techniques to identify and evaluate user needs and preferences, evaluation methods, software for visualisation and management of big data, and other topics that support effective communication.

Prior abstract submissions are not necessary, however the Guest Editors welcome authors to discuss ideas they may have for manuscripts prior to submission. Springer Nature offers several options for open access fee support, these include institutional open access agreements, reduced fees via waivers for corresponding authors based in lower income countries (as defined by the World Bank), and case-by-case waivers or discounts based on financial need. The Journal of Applied Volcanology also has a limited number of partial and full fee waivers that can be assessed on a case-by-case basis based on need. If you are interested in applying, please indicate your interest at the point of manuscript submission and outline your case in your submission letter. More information can be found here.

We also invite applications to join the guest editor team for this special collection. If interested, please contact the Editor-in-Chief, Emma Hudson-Doyle.

This Collection supports and amplifies research related to SDG 11, Sustainable Cities & Communities and SDG 13, Climate Action.

All submissions in this collection undergo the journal’s standard peer review process. Similarly, all manuscripts authored by a Guest Editor(s) will be handled by the Editor-in-Chief. As an open access publication, this journal levies an article processing fee (details here). We recognize that many key stakeholders may not have access to such resources and are committed to supporting participation in this issue wherever resources are a barrier. For more information about what support may be available, please visit OA funding and support, or email OAfundingpolicy@springernature.com or the Editor-in-Chief.

Publishing Model: Open Access

Deadline: Sep 30, 2025

Community voices and volcanic risk reduction: co-production, participatory research, and community-led approaches to risk

This Collection will highlight research and case studies that adopt participatory, community-led, or co-produced approaches to volcanic risk and resilience.

Experience and research into effective volcanic risk reduction highlights the importance of community involvement and community-led approaches to understanding and anticipating risk, as well as effective response, and recovery. Systems and solutions that do not include community needs, can reduce their efficacy, and, at worst disengage those communities, wasting resources and creating risk. Identifying approaches to volcanic risk reduction in partnership with communities can foster community ownership, empowerment, and control; enhancing the resilience of those communities. Co-production of risk knowledge and risk solutions not only result in outcomes that are more meaningful, relevant, and successful, but can also lead to improved understanding of volcanic risk for all parties.

However, developing participation with communities presents multiple challenges: including lack of community resources, time to engage alongside other priorities, language and communication barriers, the need to spark engagement or interest, lack of awareness of community challenges and systemic barriers, etc. Recently, novel approaches to working with communities have been identified to overcome such participation challenges, including citizen science projects, engagement of appropriate facilitators and community leaders, knowledge co-production and resource sharing initiatives. There is also a growing awareness about the importance of ethical and just partnerships: built with an awareness of the prior history of the region, the communities, their cultural practices, and relationships with authorities. By incorporating multiple perspectives of risk and knowledge, particularly those of indigenous peoples, there is greater potential to increase relevance, efficacy, and cultural appropriateness of co-produced systems and solutions. Leveraging different types of knowledge also offers opportunities to set up risk governance approaches that are inclusive, and help to redress power imbalances between stakeholders.

In this Collection we seek to highlight community participation initiatives in volcanic contexts and capture this emerging knowledge. We are interested in articles that address the spectrum of approaches and challenges. This encompasses the spectrum of community engagement from wholly community-led initiatives, through knowledge co-production, to novel examples of successful engagement led by volcano scientists or managers of risk. We particularly welcome reflections on pitfalls and challenges, and even examples of failure. We will also consider many definitions of community: from local communities and populations, through to communities of stakeholders and decision-makers. We thus seek contributions from the broad communities involved in understanding and managing volcanic risk: including physical and social scientists, indigenous researchers, practitioners, policy and planners, emergency managers, central and local government, and local community leaders.

We encourage authors to share experiences and methods for empowering local communities, authorities and partnerships, engaging multiple and diverse stakeholders, understanding local expressions of hazards and risk, and sharing responsibilities, as beacons for the core goals of the SENDAI Framework. Volcanic risk settings are inherently multi-hazard, and can present outstanding exemplars of means to “leave no-one behind” in the context of sustainable development and global environmental change. This speaks directly to the aspirations of both the SENDAI framework and the UN Sustainable Development goals which seeks to eliminate poverty (Goal 1) and share knowledge and education (Goal 4) with all (Goals 5 and 10), for the development of inclusive and sustainable settlements (Goal 11). As such, we also welcome contributions that consider implications of this work for sustainable development in other contexts.

Topics of interest include:

• Research exploring effective approaches to participatory, community-led, and co-produced volcanic risk assessment and management.

• Reviews and application of different tools and methodologies for ensuring community voices in volcanology: e.g., participatory action research, design science, collaborative planning process.

• Descriptions of research design and methodologies to monitor and evaluate the success of such approaches.

• Novel methods and tools that have been used to effectively engage communities.

• Case studies outlining approaches used, challenges, and lessons, including relationship building and management and how the spectrum of participation is determined.

• Indigenous perspectives to risk and risk management in volcanic contexts.

•Ethics of participations: for engagement, for research, for partnerships.

•Reviews of the challenges and barriers (e.g., resources, time, capacity, language differences) and proposed solutions, or examples, to overcome them.

•Tools and approaches to identify community needs.

•Case studies for volcanic risk assessment, forecasts and warnings, evacuation planning, risk reduction or management, resilience building, response, and recovery.

• Other contributions outlining research or case studies of approaches or best practices for fostering participation in the understanding of, and management of, volcanic risk.

Prior abstract submissions are not necessary, however the Guest Editors welcome authors to discuss ideas they may have for manuscripts prior to submission. Springer Nature offers several options for open access fee support, these include institutional open access agreements, reduced fees for waivers for corresponding authors based in lower income countries (as defined by the World bank), and case-by-case waivers or discounts based on financial need. The Journal of Applied Volcanology also has a limited number of Journal-specific partial and full fee waivers that can be assessed on a case-by-case basis based on need. If you are interested in applying, please indicate your interest at the point of manuscript submission and outline your case in your submission letter. More information can be found here.

This Collection supports and amplifies research related to SDG 1, No Poverty, SDG 4, Quality Education, SDG 10, Reduced Inequalities, and SDG 11, Sustainable Cities & Communities.

All submissions in this collection undergo the journal’s standard peer review process. Similarly, all manuscripts authored by a Guest Editor(s) will be handled by the Editor-in-Chief. As an open access publication, this journal levies an article processing fee (details here). We recognize that many key stakeholders may not have access to such resources and are committed to supporting participation in this issue wherever resources are a barrier. For more information about what support may be available, please visit OA funding and support, or email OAfundingpolicy@springernature.com or the Editor-in-Chief.

Publishing Model: Open Access

Deadline: Jul 01, 2025