Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Both a reduced glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria substantially increase cardiovascular risk, placing patients with impaired kidney function at heightened risk for accelerated atherosclerosis, valvular heart disease, and sudden cardiac death. Despite this, clinical decision-making for both primary and secondary prevention in this population often relies on observational studies or subgroup analyses from broader trials.

Dyslipidemia is a key modifiable risk factor in this setting. CKD is typically associated with elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and atherogenic alterations in lipoprotein composition and function. Although current guidelines support statin therapy in certain subsets of CKD patients, critical gaps remain in our understanding of optimal lipid targets, appropriate dosing strategies, and the role of emerging lipid-lowering therapies in this high-risk group.

This Collection aims to bring together cutting-edge research that advances our understanding of lipid metabolism, risk stratification, and therapeutic interventions in CKD. We welcome original research articles and high-quality meta-analyses. Priority will be given to studies evaluating hard clinical outcomes and those with the potential to inform practice or policy.

Keywords: chronic kidney disease; dyslipidemia; statin; risk stratification; cardiovascular disease

The topics of interest include but are not limited to the following:

• Lipid biomarkers for cardiovascular risk stratification in CKD patients

• Evidence-based lipid targets for patients with impaired kidney function

• Statin efficacy, safety, and dosing considerations in CKD populations

• The role of PCSK9 inhibitors in CKD and kidney transplant recipients

• Lipid management in dialysis-dependent kidney failure

• Integration of lipid-lowering therapies with novel cardiorenal protective agents, including SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists

• Lipid-lowering strategies to slow CKD progression

• Dyslipidemia management in immunosuppressed patients with glomerular diseases or kidney transplantation

Questions to be answered:

• How is lipid metabolism altered in CKD vs. the general population?

• What is the link between dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk in CKD?

• Which lipid markers best predict cardiovascular risk in CKD?

• Are non-traditional markers (e.g., apoB, remnant cholesterol) more useful?

• How should lipid profiles be interpreted across CKD stages?

• What are the recommended lipid targets for CKD patients?

• Should lipid targets differ by CKD stage or dialysis status?

• What’s the evidence for statin use across CKD stages?

• How should statin dosing be adjusted in renal impairment?

• When are statins not beneficial (e.g., dialysis patients)?

• What is the role of PCSK9 inhibitors in CKD and transplant populations?

• Do PCSK9 inhibitors offer renal-specific benefits?

• How do SGLT2 inhibitors & GLP-1 analogs affect lipid profiles?

• Can SGLT2 inhibitors & GLP-1 analogs be combined with statins or PCSK9 inhibitors?

• How should lipids be managed in dialysis patients?

• Can lipid-lowering improve dialysis-related outcomes?

• How do immunosuppressants impact lipid levels?

• What are the safest and most effective lipid therapies post-transplant?

• What’s the role of lipidomics, precision medicine, or genetic profiling?

• How may ongoing trials influence future guidelines?

All submissions in this collection undergo the journal’s standard peer review process. Similarly, all manuscripts authored by a Guest Editor(s) will be handled by the Editor-in-Chief. As an open access publication, this journal levies an article processing fee (details here). We recognize that many key stakeholders may not have access to such resources and are committed to supporting participation in this issue wherever resources are a barrier. For more information about what support may be available, please visit OA funding and support, or email OAfundingpolicy@springernature.com or the Editor-in-Chief.

Neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder are complex and debilitating conditions that significantly impact patients' quality of life. An emerging area of research focuses on the role of lipid metabolism in these disorders, with implications for diagnosis, treatment, and patient management.

This Collection is dedicated to exploring the intricate relationship between neuropsychiatric disorders and lipid metabolism from a clinical research perspective.

The topics of interest include but are not limited to the following:

• Lipid Biomarkers in Clinical Diagnosis: Investigate the potential of lipid - based biomarkers in the early detection and differential diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disorders.

• Lipid Metabolism and Disease Progression: Examine how alterations in lipid metabolism influence the course of neuropsychiatric disorders. Long - term clinical studies could explore whether abnormal lipid metabolism predicts disease relapse, severity of symptoms over time, or the development of treatment - resistant forms of these disorders.

• Treatment - Induced Lipid Changes: Evaluate the impact of various treatment modalities on lipid metabolism in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. This includes analyzing how antidepressant, antipsychotic, and mood - stabilizing medications affect lipid levels. Additionally, studies on the effects of non - pharmacological treatments like electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) or cognitive - behavioral therapy (CBT) on lipid metabolism can provide valuable insights. By understanding these treatment - induced changes, clinicians can optimize treatment strategies to minimize adverse metabolic effects.

• Lipid - Targeted Therapies: Explore the development and application of lipid - targeted therapies for neuropsychiatric disorders. This may involve clinical trials of lipid - lowering drugs, such as statins, in patients with comorbid metabolic and neuropsychiatric conditions. Research on novel lipids - modulating agents specifically designed to address the underlying lipid metabolism dysregulation in these disorders is also encouraged.

• Clinical Management and Patient - Centered Care: Focus on how knowledge of lipid metabolism can be integrated into the overall clinical management of patients with neuropsychiatric disorders. This includes developing guidelines for monitoring lipid levels in these patients, providing dietary and lifestyle recommendations to optimize lipid metabolism, and considering the impact of lipid - related factors on patients' adherence to treatment.

Questions to be answered:

• What biomarkers can help differentiate between various types of neuropsychiatric disorders?

• How do genetic factors and environmental influences interact in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders?

• Can therapies targeting lipids improve symptoms of neuropsychiatric disorders? If so, how?

• When should lipid-modifying treatments be started for patients on long-term antipsychotic medication to avoid metabolic issues?

• Do dietary changes aimed at lipid metabolism affect the treatment outcomes for neuropsychiatric disorders?

This Collection welcomes a wide range of clinical research articles, including original research, systematic reviews, meta - analyses, and case reports. By highlighting the latest findings in this field, we aim to enhance our understanding of the role of lipid metabolism in neuropsychiatric disorders and ultimately improve patient outcomes.

Keywords: Neuropsychiatric disorders, lipid metabolism, clinical diagnosis, disease progression, treatment - induced changes, lipid - targeted therapies, clinical management, patient - centered care.

All submissions in this collection undergo the journal’s standard peer review process. Similarly, all manuscripts authored by a Guest Editor(s) will be handled by the Editor-in-Chief. As an open access publication, this journal levies an article processing fee (details here). We recognize that many key stakeholders may not have access to such resources and are committed to supporting participation in this issue wherever resources are a barrier. For more information about what support may be available, please visit OA funding and support, or email OAfundingpolicy@springernature.com or the Editor-in-Chief.