Metal–Organic Frameworks in Action: Catalyzing the Future of Energy

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Metal–Organic Frameworks in Action: Catalyzing the Future of Energy
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Advances in metal–organic framework-based electrocatalysts for electrooxidation reactions - Catal

Electrooxidation reactions play pivotal roles in sustainable energy conversion and environmental remediation. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), characterized by highly tunable structures, large surface areas, and atomically dispersed active sites, have demonstrated significant promise as electrocatalysts in these reactions. MOFs are composed of metal ions or clusters coordinated with organic ligands. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in MOF-based and MOF-derived electrocatalysts for electrooxidation reactions. These reactions include oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), alcohol oxidation reaction (e.g., methanol, glycerol, ethanol), urea oxidation reaction (UOR), and glucose oxidation reaction (GOR). Particular attention is paid to the correlation between MOFs structure and catalytic performance, covering critical aspects such as metal node engineering, ligand functionality modification, and composite formation strategies that promote activity, selectivity, and durability. Mechanistic insights into each reaction system are reviewed, highlighting how reaction pathways vary with conditions and catalyst design. Despite notable achievements, challenges remain, such as insufficient electrochemical stability and difficulties in controlling active site exposure and transformation under operating conditions. We discuss future research directions, including the development of robust MOFs with enhanced conductivity and long-term stability, integration with synergistic materials, and the application of in situ characterization and computational modeling to guide rational catalyst design. This review aims to provide a comprehensive reference for the rational design and practical deployment of MOF-based electrocatalysts in next-generation electrooxidation technologies.

In our recent review published in Catal, we present a comprehensive overview of the role of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as electrocatalysts in key electrooxidation reactions. These reactions—including oxygen evolution (OER), hydrogen oxidation (HOR), alcohol oxidation (AOR), urea oxidation (UOR), and glucose oxidation (GOR)—are central to advancing sustainable energy conversion and environmental remediation technologies.

Highlights of our review:

  • Structural Versatility: MOFs offer highly tunable architectures, large surface areas, and atomically dispersed active sites, making them ideal platforms for electrocatalysis.
  • Catalyst Design Strategies: We discuss how metal node engineering, ligand functionalization, and composite formation can significantly enhance catalytic activity, selectivity, and durability.
  • Mechanistic Insights: Through both experimental and theoretical studies, we explore how reaction pathways vary with catalyst structure and operating conditions.
  • Green Chemistry Applications: MOFs enable efficient transformation of biomass-derived molecules into value-added chemicals such as formic acid, contributing to carbon neutrality goals.

While MOFs have demonstrated remarkable promise, challenges remain in improving their electrochemical stability and scalability. We propose future directions including the development of conductive and robust MOFs, integration with synergistic materials, and the use of in situ characterization and computational modeling to guide rational catalyst design.

Authors & Affiliations:

  • Kunpeng Yang, Yuanjun Liu* – School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
  • Yingxin Wang, Yuxuan Jiang, Ran Wang*†, Huan Pang*† – School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
  • Guoxing Zhu – School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China & Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, China

(Corresponding authors: liuyuanjun@just.edu.cnranwang@yzu.edu.cnhuanpangchem@hotmail.com)

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Materials for Energy and Catalysis
Physical Sciences > Materials Science > Materials for Energy and Catalysis
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Physical Sciences > Chemistry > Inorganic Chemistry > Catalysis
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    Catal is an open access journal covering full spectrum of catalysis critical advances. From biocatalysts to heterogeneous catalysts, it integrates fundamental and applied sciences. Catal offers a primary platform for researchers and practitioners in the field.

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