Neuroinflammation is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Dysregulated immune responses in the central nervous system can drive neuronal damage, synaptic loss, and long-term functional decline. However, the complex mechanisms linking inflammation and neurodegeneration remain incompletely understood. This Collection welcomes original research and reviews that explore the molecular and cellular pathways involved in neuroinflammation, their role in specific neurological diseases, and translational approaches toward diagnosis and treatment. We encourage submissions that provide novel insights or propose innovative therapeutic strategies.

Topics of Interest Include:

1. Mechanistic links between neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

2. Molecular and cellular signaling pathways (e.g., cytokines, inflammasomes, glial activation)

3. Disease-focused studies (e.g., Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, multiple sclerosis, ALS)

4. Biomarkers, neuroimaging, and clinical correlates of inflammation

5. Translational research and therapeutic interventions

6. Emerging concepts (e.g., gut–brain axis, aging, iPSC models)

Keywords:

Neuroinflammation, microglia, astrocytes, Neurodegeneration, blood-brain barrier, blood-retinal barrier, therapeutic target, innate immunity, adaptive immunity

The human gut microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining health and modulating disease processes. Its composition evolves across the lifespan under the influence of diet, lifestyle, aging, and environmental exposures. Disruption of gut microbial balance—known as dysbiosis—has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic conditions, including autoimmune, metabolic, neurological, and inflammatory diseases.

This Collection welcomes submissions that explore the mechanistic, clinical, and translational aspects of gut microbiota in human health, with particular interest in:

The gut–brain, gut–heart, gut–cancer, and gut–joint axes

Gut dysbiosis and its immunological and metabolic consequences

Microbial metabolites and host-microbiome interactions

Microbiome-based diagnostics, therapeutic interventions, and biomarkers

We invite contributions including but not limited to:

Original research articles based on clinical, in vivo or in vitro studies

Reviews summarizing recent advances or proposing new frameworks

Perspective or opinion pieces that highlight emerging concepts or challenges

This Collection aims to enhance our understanding of the gut microbiome's contribution to health and disease and to inspire microbiome-based strategies for improving human well-being.

Keywords: Gut microbiome; Gut-organ-axis; chronic diseases; 16S rRNA; metagenomics